El Nino essays

El Nino essays El Nino has been a reoccurring phenomenon for centuries. Man has only started to realize how much of the worlds weather is effected by it. The term El Nino refers to an irregular warming of the seas surface. During the last 40 years there have been 10 significant El Nino occurrences. Most affecting the coast of South America. Water temperatures increase along the coast as far as the Galapagos islands. Weak events will raise the water temperature 2 to 4 degrees Celsius and will have minor impact on fishing. However strong events such as the 1982-83 event will disrupt climate conditions around the world as well as local conditions. It has been linked to floods and droughts all over the world. Hurricanes and tropical storms are also altered in their numbers by El Nino. Therefore it would be very helpful for people if El Nino could be predicted and prepared for in some form. During a El Nino cycle there are many biological changes. Due to a depressed thermocline there is less photosynthetic activity resulting in a decrease in the primary life forms that form the beginning of the food chain. The warmer waters that are brought by these changing cycles hold less dissolved oxygen forcing fish to go deeper or venture elsewhere. Due to a lack of data during El Nino occurrences it is not fully known if fish populations are depleted solely due to exposure to El Nino. A decrease in their growth and reproductive success has been observed by many surveys in coastal waters. The link between climatic effects around the world and El Nino is now well established. It has taken many years of studying to understand how the pieces of the puzzle, from ocean currents to winds and heavy rains fit together. During the 1920s a scientist was on assignment in India trying to predict the Asian monsoons. As he sorted through his records he discovered a connection between barometer readings at stations on the eastern and western sides of the Pacific. He noticed ...

18 Terrific Christmas Gifts Ideas For College Students

18 Terrific Christmas Gifts Ideas For College Students Oh, the weather outside is frightful†¦ Isnt it? And you still have to get outside and buy gifts for your college friends. Oh, wait! You can actually stay at home and just order them online. Its definitely not the hardest but not the easiest thing to do. Check out our list of Christmas gifts for college students before your shopping anxiety starts. Gadgets A perfect gift is not only nice and memorable but also useful, especially for a student. Gadgets are great helpers in studying. Hence they are brilliant gifts. Ask yourself what you would like to get for Christmas. Perhaps, your friends have the same tastes. Also, you need to make sure your friends dont already own one of the items you want to get for them. Some of the gadgets listed below may become one of the best motivational gifts for college students. 1 Headphones Wireless or noise-canceling headphones are what each college student needs for concentrating while studying in noisy dorm rooms. They are pretty affordable, and there are a bunch of various types of them. Wireless headphones are great for working out, running or doing chores while listening to favorite music or audiobook. Noise canceling headphones are designed to block ambient noises and talks so that one can focus while studying. Source 2 Portable chargers Your friends will definitely appreciate a charger as a gift. Having your devices dead while not be able to plug it in might become a tense situation. Portable and wireless chargers are multipurpose and can be used with different gadgets. There are even solar chargers which are indispensable while camping. Source 3 Digital cameras Although modern cell phones have built-in cameras, students who are interested in photography would prefer professional digital camera. They have much more features and will be more functional for vlogs and photoshoots. You can easily find a compact and powerful camera for under $500. Source 4 Digital notepads Its easier to carry one small notepad in your bag or backpack rather than a pile of notebooks. It saves all the written files to Evernote account and it is great for taking notes or drawing schemes, charts, maps, and diagrams. Quick access to files and high usability makes digital notepads great gifts. Source 5 Bluetooth speakers Portable speakers are great for parties or relaxed chilling out. It can play music, audio books and calming sounds of nature or white noise. It can be voice-controlled and connected to any device. Source 6 Fitness trackers Dont forget about sports lovers. Sports watches help to keep track of pulse, burnt calories and the number of miles you run daily. They are one of the best gifts for college boyfriend or girlfriend. Source Games, Interests, and Hobbies 1 Party games â€Å"Never have I ever† set or â€Å"Cards Against Humanity† will draw attention to your friend if he or she brings it to a party. They are affordable, funny and easy to play, so if you dont know what to give your friend for Christmas, buy some good board game. Source 2 A survival set If your college mate is interested in hiking or forest exploring, get him a backpack with a built-in solar battery, or a multipurpose knife with a set of different useful tools for camping. There are also sets that contain everything you need for surviving in the wild nature or in case of zombie apocalypse. This is an excellent gift for guys. Source 3 Craft materials Its a great gift for college girls and boys who are in love with crafting. Consider these items: supplies for knitting (yarn, needles, and crochets); supplies for woodcarving (wax, carbon sheets, wooden mallet); materials for jewelry making (beads, cords, threads, and tools); wax and molds for candle making. It all depends on what kind of handicraft your buddy prefers. Just ask what they need and they will appreciate your attention to their hobby. Source 4 Personalized T-shirts or bags Find out if your friend is a fan of a certain band, movie or comic-book characters. Its much easier to buy a perfect gift for a person whose tastes you are familiar with. Afterward, you should go for an online-shopping for the item you chose. Source 5 Funny gifts It may be a set of party glasses with funny lettering, joking book (â€Å"The Manual to Manhood,† â€Å"Lifes Missing Instruction Manual†), a funny pillow or a pack of lottery tickets. Source 6 Gift cards It is a present for someone who you think will spend money more wisely than you. You can find different kinds of gift cards for many stores online, even Itunes. And dont forget about subscriptions, such as for Netflix. Source Household Items And Devices Being away from home may be difficult and intimidating. You may find some of these useful Christmas gift ideas for college freshmen and other students suitable for this year presents. Keep in mind the items youll see below if youre looking for a gift for college boyfriend or girlfriend. 1 A cookbook or cooking utensils Its always a great gift for a beginner cook, especially for a student who has left his home and now is about to start adult life with cooking his own meal. Who knows, maybe one day your present will lead your friend to become the next Jamie Oliver. Source 2 A portable vacuum cleaner Keeping a dorm room clean might be hard sometimes. Portable vacuum cleaners with sanitizing feature are great gifts for students who live in rooms with a messy person. Such vacuum cleaners are compact and easy to transport, and still, they are powerful enough to clean the room perfectly. Source 3 Cozy socks or pajamas Gifts that make your friend feeling like home are a perfect cure for homesick. Pick some cozy and warm pajamas and a pair of funny socks. Wearing warm and soft pajamas and a pair of socks with funny prints will create a Christmas mood even if your friend is far from home at the time. Source 4 Candles and blankets These are great gifts for college girls because they love making their bedrooms neat and cozy. Some good smelling candles and furry woolen blankets will make a great present in a cold wintry day. Source 5 Instant photo printers for phones Help your college friend to decorate a room with printed photos to make the atmosphere brighter and more relaxed. Instant printers dont have any wires. You can use them to print favorite photos from any cell phone. Source 6 A travel mug or a water bottle Thermal mugs help to keep your drinks hot or cold for a long time. So they are very useful when one needs to spend hours in a library or when someone is going to be outside for a long period of time. Coffee-loving college students should get enough caffeine or they can start freaking out. Source Find the best present for your college friend, considering their preferences. But if you are unaware of what preferences they have, theres a thing each student needs money. We know that sound boring, but its better than nothing. Perhaps, the next year you will succeed to choose some better presents.

Prophesy, History and Context as Explored through the Period of Essay

Prophesy, History and Context as Explored through the Period of Isaiahs Prophecies - Essay Example The background of the book of Isaiah is an essential part of understanding the meanings of the writings that are within the book. The historical background puts the writing into context, helping to inform the reader on which aspects were relevant to the contemporary and which are relevant to future events. Although not every part of any of the passages of the ancient writings can ever fully be identified as one or the other, there are some frameworks of meaning that are well known and can be related in order to help the reader interpret what is read. According to Oswalt, the way to understand the writing is through the time and place in which it was written, that â€Å"God’s revelation is always incarnational† or humanized through the context of location in which they are written. Therefore, it is essential to discuss the nature of historical context of the book in order to begin to understand the nature of the meanings that are revealed. To begin with, it is highly likely that the book is the work of multiple authors, each contributing through their own perspective. One of the first indications of this way in which the book came into existence is because there are three distinct time periods in which the book relates events. The first time period occurs during Isaiah’s lifetime and likely represents 739-701 BCE.... One of the first indications of this way in which the book came into existence is because there are three distinct time periods in which the book relates events. The first time period occurs during Isaiah’s lifetime and likely represents 739-701 BCE. The second and third time periods are reflections of the time periods after the death of Isaiah and are about the time of the exile (605-439 BCE), which is discussed in chapters 40-55, and the return (539-500 BCE) which is defined through chapters 56-66 (Oswalt 4). The first section of time, the time of Isaiah’s life, is also representative of Assyria’s last period of great influence as part of human expansion. This period of Assyrian influence ended in 609 BCE as the Medo-Babylonian culture completely destroyed the Assyrian seat of power. Part of the destruction of Assyria came about through a series of very weak ruling Kings who could not hold what their ancestors had gained through conquest. Therefore, the areas t hat were at the outer edges of the expansion of the Assyrians had a period of tranquility, lasting from approximately 810 to 750 BCE. Two of the regions that benefited from this tranquility were Judah and Israel. During this time, the second king named Jeroboam was in rule over Israel and the kingdom of Judah was being ruled by Azariah, or sometimes known as Uzziah. Because of this time of peace, the Judeans and the Israelites believed that God was pleased with his children, the efforts of both prophets that had been sent to warn them of coming doom unheeded, the messages of Amos and Hosea. Through the apostate course that the nations were traveling, the end of this peace was inevitable (Oswalt 4-5). A

Discuss research associated with the development of secure and Essay

Discuss research associated with the development of secure and insecure attachments in children - Essay Example Infants instinctively reach out to a caregiver for security and protection; caregivers instinctively protect and nurture infants. This mutual responsiveness is what creates the secure base for early development† (The Project, 2006). Inefficiency to tackle problems in its initial stages leads to society paying a high price for it. Collectively the cost is reflected in social disruption, poor educational attainment, physical and mental ill health, anti-social behaviour, and the financial cost related to each of these† (Vision, 2005). In 2004 the Department of Health placed greater emphasis on prevention of illness, The NSF for Mental Health (1999) recommended promotion of mental health and wellbeing NSF (2003) Attachment theory is a child - development theory that helps in the understanding of child-parent relationship from an early age. According to this theory relationship between children and their parents, lays the foundation for the child’s future relationship that can be either social or emotional. It also has a bearing on the way the child functions at school. The lasting emotional ties created between infants and their parents are called attachment. Children of abusive parents too, develop attachment towards their parents. Attachment usually grows through repeated interactions that take place in the first year of the life of an infant with their parents. An infant can develop multiple attachments with the father, mother or grandparents, but they have generally one parent who is their â€Å"primary attachment figure†. The two basic attachment patterns are –secure and insecure. Researchers have found that responsive and sensitive parenting, results in secure attachments where the child uses his or her parent as a source of comfort. Dependence on the parent leads to independence, which is the key principle of attachment theory. Parents of secure children are sensitive and responsive. The

Effect of Beijing Olympic Venues on China

Effect of Beijing Olympic Venues on China Section One: Identification of research area (10% 250 words) In this section you will be expected to identify an area of research. You must justify it as an area of research in your academic field; explain why it is topic of importance, why it is of interest and how it will help for the industry your subject area is located in. Research question: Did the venues built for the Olympic Games in Beijing have a positive effect for china? This research topic exemplifies an excellent business model for growth and change and an opportunity to exact best practice for a city in need of renovation, inspired by the International presence of the Olympic Games. It seeks to demonstrate the cause and effect of long-term change and sustainable development that can occur and the value placed upon often risk-taking investment by way of national necessity. From a business perspective the research will focus on determining what the economic, social, political and technological implications have been for China in the light of their internationally profiled focus on making the city of Beijing a more environmentally stable location, having been rated one of the most predominantly polluted and energy and resource hungry cities in the world. The Olympic Village itself contained a number of innovative technologies including a heat pump system, solar collectors, water saving devices, and rainwater collection. Introducing the use of sewage water is likely to save tons of coal each year The Olympic Village also contains a vacuum glass tube solar collection system installed on the buildings roofs which heats tap water. There are water collection tubes installed as part of the roof gardens on the buildings. The 2008 Headquarters Office has estimated that this solar heating system will save nearly 2,400 tons of coal per year. This building will now function as a kindergarten following the Games and the Olympic Village will serve as a residential area. The architecture was designed to save as much energy as possible, through, for instance, orienting the building to take in sunlight in winter, and an exterior sun shading system to cool the inner spaces in summer time.[1] Overall the environmental design and construction of these buildings and surrounding carbon neutral woods, parks and greenbelt areas paved the way for the implementation of new systems that impacted on air quality, energy use, transportation, water, forests and toxics and waste across the city which has influenced the way in which China as one of the most rapidly developing nations in the World is now appreciating its responsibilities to exact environmental standards universally. Beijing now provides an example of China’s commitment to expand in an environmentally cautious way. Section Two: Setting your research aim(s) and objectives (15%) State your research questions, develop a research aim and set your objectives. The hypotheses for this research will aim to answer the question as to whether the building and environmental measures adopted that took place in Beijing for the benefit of the Olympic Games has impacted at all significantly on the wider future appreciation by China to adapt its buildings, resource usage and the subsequent way in which it will continue to conduct its business. This will need to be achieved by presenting the changes that occurred in Beijing, prior, during and following the Olympic Games, to assess the environmental objectives that were woven into the design and implementation of all its new venues and landscapes. A comprehensive summary of the types of buildings and venues that were constructed for the benefit of the Olympic Games in Beijing will need to be provided. Once this has been established, the ways in which these environmental additions proved successful can be measured alongside their sustainability and productivity from a business and environmental perspective. An historical evaluation of the city before it became the chosen host of the games will need to take place in terms of investigating its original economic, political, environmental and technological situation and how this was viewed globally by other nations, as well as in relation to China itself. This will then build an understanding of the way in which the city function ed in comparison to how it now functions in 2008; whether any significant changes have occurred in its growth and fiscal situation. Consequently evidence to support how China has responded to the success of these buildings in relation to the way in which they have increased Beijing’s political, economic and social standing will need to be ascertained with regard to whether this has raised the profile of China generally around the world. Evidence of influence and genuine impact will need to be provided. Section Three: Literature Review (25% 1000 words) Identify the areas of secondary literature you need to be looking (The subject areas which will assist you (Think theoretical areas) Then you will need to give a prà ©cis of the main issues, indicating their relevance to your subject. Literature reviews should also raise issues and develop an argument in the literature if possible. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the fundamental rationale for determining the best way in which to build a framework to take forward a research paper tackling the subject of the effects of Leisure Tourism on a whole nation. Examples of literature will be illustrated through a variety of texts, journals and internet references in order to demonstrate the numerous academic theories and examples that can help shape a contextualised argument exploring a number of hypotheses. The investigative approach for determining the question Did the venues built for the Olympic Games in Beijing have a positive effect for china? can be measured and rationalised by way of several hypothesis; What is the political, economic, technological and social background of Beijing prior to it being awarded host city to the 2008 Olympic Games? How does China function currently as one of the World’s most developing countries economically, what type and level of resources does it use in order to sustain its growth? What was the nature, design remit and approach to building in Beijing in relation to preparing for the Olympic Games and how was it influenced to apply an environmental approach – what physically was constructed and for what purposes? Has the city’s reconstruction made an impact on its environmental situation at all? How has this been communicated to the rest of the world and consequently raised the profile of China? A number of sources relating to these questions can be utilised from journals, texts, reports and online material that will form the fundamental framework to this study and the dissertation will flow in accordance with these lines of reasoning. In order to demonstrate the history of Beijing and its context within China there are a number of sources of material Growth Without Miracles: Readings on the Chinese Economy in the Era of Reform illustrates Chinas economic reform during the second half of the twentieth century. How not just the living conditions of the Chinese population but through its economic transition from central planning to a market economy. The book is complied of thirty widely-cited articles by well known economists in the field of China studies.[2] The Cambridge Handbook of Contemporary China by Colin Mackerras and Amanda Yorke emphasizes China’s openness to Western technology as well as its rejection of Western democratic ideals. This volume offers up-to-date information on all aspects of Chinese life since 1949, with particular emphasis on the 1980s. Maps and tabled statistics accompany the text relating to all areas of Chinese life. China in the Global Economy Environment, Water Resources and Agr icultural Policies: Lessons from China and OECD Countries, by Nong ye bu informs the reader about Chinas water resources which are extremely low, poorly distributed, and increasingly polluted and how Chinas future development depends on initiatives that will raise the efficiency of how water is used. More specific to Beijing many studies have been conducted over the years into the environmental affects of this busy expanding city. One example can be found in Air pollution and daily mortality in residential areas of Beijing, China. Is a research paper which documents the relationship between air pollution and daily mortality in 1989 two residential areas in Beijing, China. ‘A highly significant association was found between [sulfur dioxide] and daily mortality.The association of [total suspended particulates] with total daily mortality was positive but not significant.In the cause-specific analysis, the strongest effects on mortality were consistently seen for respiratory diseases in both [summer and winter].’ [3] The most modern analysis of the processes undertaken by Beijing in the run-up to the ensuing Olympic objectives for the city are highlighted in The Concrete Dragon: Chinas Urban Thomas J. Campanella discusses China’s great building boom that there were fewer than 200 cities in China in the late 1970s compared to the 700 odd today. The scale of China’s urban revolution is detailed, alongside its roaring economy and rapid urbanization elsewhere compared to the rest of the world. In relation to articles and journal citations this area of understanding is well documented. Most useful examples can be gained from examining Spectacular Beijing: The Conspicuous Construction of an Olympic Metropolis which presents a critical review of Beijings Olympic redevelopment, and of the social, economic, and political impacts of hosting ‘mega events’ as a means of urban image construction. How Beijings restructure played an important role in Chinas transition to capitalism as the Olympics have helped concentrate economic and political power in the hands of a coalition of government leaders and private investors. [4] (Broudehoux, 2007) With similar information to be accessed from New Beijing, Great Olympics: Beijing and its Unfolding Olympic Legacy by Ryan Ong and Olympiad Dreams of Urban Renaissance by Rob Imrie. In terms of the most recent analysis carried out in relation to the impact of the games physically and financially, this is a well documented area of dialogue in the media and with scholars. Estimating the Cost and Benefit of Hosting Olympic Games: What Can Beijing Expect from Its 2008 Games? Represents a forecast of what will ensue as a result of the impact on Beijing whilst anticipating ‘The potential for long term economic benefits from the Beijing Games will depend critically on how well Olympics related investments in venues and infrastructure can be incorporated into the overall economy in the years following the Games.’[5](Owen, 2005) For a more generic approach to this argument James Higham’s Sport as an Avenue of Tourism Development: An Analysis of the Positive and Negative Impacts of Sport Tourism looks at the positive economic repercussions for cities who host the Olympic Games. As this is still quite a modern debate it is difficult to source a great deal of scholarly information that determines the subsequent impact to be had on China as a whole. Evidence for this is still emerging and it is suggested that news archives, economic reports and environmental reviews be explored in greater detail in order to address the outcomes of the question under discussion. Many have prophesized or forecast this debate but for factual information a most up to date study of observations being reported from China will be required to substantiate the debate. Another helpful source can be utilized from documents associated with the Beijing Municipal Government and United Nations Environmental Programme (UNEP). The most relevant of these being the UNEP report Beijing 2008 Olympic Games – An Environmental Review and the official Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games paper Beijing 2008: Environmental Protection, Innovation and Improvement, 2001-2006, Update Report. Section Four: Research Methodology and Design (10% 500 words) Here you will need to focus on the types of methods you intend to use and why. Why for instance will you use one research method over another or why do you need to use more than one method? As a rule of thumb, think about The problem being addressed in this dissertation is to attempt to demonstrate evidence that is both economic and environmental, not only to Beijing but in the broader context of China and how this has essentially been strengthened by the influences of leisure and tourism. It is necessary to conduct considerable research across a number of areas in order to reach the conclusions that will effectively answer the question. Many dissertations of this nature require a definitive method of research in order to build a framework to take forward the means to answering the hypothesis. For the purposes of this essay the way in which the methodology for developing this framework came about is primarily informed by the Literature Review. This type of secondary analysis helps clarify both the type of information available as well as the limitations of that material. Burns’s An Introduction to Tourism and Anthropology demonstrates the fast-growing field of tourism studies. How anthropology is the window through which tourism dynamics should be analyzed and evaluated. [6] In terms of assessing the impact of tourism and how in the case of Beijing it acted as a catalyst for change as well as changing the world’s opinion of the region; this volume suggests an anthropological approach to research, in other words statistical data to explain the phenomena under discussion. Appreciating that this may be the best way of assessing an outcome with which to measure impact, Tourism and leisure research methods: data collection, analysis and interpretation provides the tools to recognise and produce good research through qualitative and quantitative research techniques focusing on reliability, validity and representativeness of data using SPSS for Windows and an SPSS data file to undertake statistical analysis, data management and data documentat ion. In terms of the business studies approach to solving this question, carrying out quantitative research which in the context of Social Sciences includes a wide range of examples and activities offers a solid foundation in research design, measurement, and statistics.’ [7] Applying quantitative research to this study should help develop and create a model for the hypotheses and measure the connection between the data received from the Government and UN reports cited in the Literature Review alongside the empirical results fielded from any contrasting qualitative research that emerges from subsequent interviews, surveys or observations collated from relevant citizens of Beijing, China, officials connected with the construction programmes and the Construction and Environment department of the Beijing Organising Committee as well as analysing relevant documents and material. With the emphasis on quantitative research methods this will largely involve planning, sampling, designing measurement instruments, choosing statistical tests, and interpreting the results [8] In order to effectively analyse leisure and tourism within the business, management and environmental disciplines a number of factors will need to be taken into consideration including anthropology, the economics of China, the history of its growth exemplified by Beijing, human geography, the philosophy and sociology of the environment. Fieldwork will need to be planned and conducted according to ethnographic methods including participant observation, interviewing, focus groups, and video/photographic work to capture and appreciate the changes occurring in China and the move towards an environmentally more astute philosophy. [9] Section Five: Your reflection on the overall process (15% 200 words) Sum up your reflections on the whole research methods process, how you coped with it and how you will approach final year study. This can be in the first person (i.e. ‘I think this I think that.’). This is a fairly challenging area of study which requires the collation of a number of different areas of research to be processed and analysed. In order to quantify and qualify data such as this from a fundamentally empirical approach it is imperative to categorize the subjects or ‘instruments’ in much greater detail. For example should the data be gathered from specific areas in order to provide a holistic approach to determining the question, if so should these reflect economic, social, political and technological affects and form the categories that make up the focus of the discussion points? The need to establish a well thought out framework is crucial. It seems very clear from all of the complexities involved with assessing the impact of construction and technology for the purposes of staging the Olympic Games and how it can best be implemented requires further attention in terms of what is achievable and justifiable in this study. Primary research needs to be completed in order to establish the exact nature and challenges of existing opinions, observations and comparisons relating to the city of Beijing; compared to official government documentation, measured in relation to the overall accepted international objectives of China as a nation in its own right. The different actors, cultures, structures and goals will vary, sometimes considerably between communities under scrutiny. A common vision relating to the objectives of Beijing and its country needs to be legitimised in order to argue whether this has directly influenced China in a beneficial way. Depending on how this research is developed and taken forward in the future will influence the way in which data is recorded and the evidence presented. References Black, T.R. (1999). Doing Quantitative Research in the Social Sciences. London. Sage. Blaxter, L et al. (1996). How to Research. Buckingham. OU Press. Broudehoux, A Spectacular Beijing: The Conspicuous Construction Of An Olympic Metropolis, Journal of Urban Affairs, Volume 29 Issue 4 Brunt, P. (1997) Market Research in Travel and Tourism. Oxford. Butterworth – Heinemann. Bryman, A and D. Cramer. (1997). Quantitative Data Analysis with SPSS for Windows. London. Routledge. Burns, P.M. (1999). An Introduction to Tourism and Anthropology. London. Routledge. Campanella, T.J (2008) The Concrete Dragon: Chinas Urban Revolution and What It Means for the World: Princeton Architectural Press Clarke, M, M. Riley, et al. (1999) Research methods in hospitality, tourism and leisure. Thompson International. Cook I and Crang M. (1996) Doing Ethnography. CATMOG. Norwich. Garnaut, R, Huang, Y (2001) Growth Without Miracles: Readings on the Chinese Economy in the Era of Reform: Oxford University Press Higham, J (1999) Commentary — Sport as an Avenue of Tourism Development: An Analysis of the Positive and Negative Impacts of Sport Tourism, Current Issues in Tourism Vol. 2, No. 1 Imrie, R (2007) Olympiad Dreams of Urban Renaissance, Modern Language Assoc, Volume 122, Number 1 Mackerras, C, Yorke, A (1991) The Cambridge Handbook of Contemporary China: Cambridge University Press Nong ye bu (2006) China in the Global Economy Environment, Water Resources and Agricultural Policies: Lessons from China and OECD Countries: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Ong,R (2004) New Beijing, Great Olympics: Beijing and its Unfolding Olympic Legacy, Stanford Journal of East Asian Affairs, Vol 4, no.2 Owen, J.G (2008) Estimating the Cost and Benefit of Hosting Olympic Games: What Can Beijing Expect from Its 2008 Games? The Industrial Geographer, vol 3, issue 1 Saunders, M.K. Lewis, P. Thornhill, A. (2006) Research Methods for Business Students, (4th ed), Harlow, Prentice Hall Publications. UNEP (2008) Beijing 2008 Olympic Games: An Environmental Review By United Nations Environment Programme, United Nations Environment Programme Published by UNEP/Earthprint, 2008. Available from http://www.unep.org/publications/eBooks/beijing-report/Default.aspx?bid=ID0EWBBG Wu, F, Webber, K (2004) the rise of â€Å"foreign gated communities† in Beijing: between economic globalization and local institutions: Elsevier Ltd. Xu, X, Gao, J, Dockery, D.W, Chen Y (1997) Air pollution and daily mortality in residential areas of Beijing, China. In: Research papers on interrelationship between population growth in developing countries and global environment, Volume II. Tokyo, Japan, National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, 1997 Mar 3. : 321- 1 [2] Garnaut, R, Huang, Y (2001) Growth Without Miracles: Readings on the Chinese Economy in the Era of Reform [3] Xu, X, Gao, J, Dockery, D.W, Chen Y (1997) Air pollution and daily mortality in residential areas of Beijing, China. In: Research papers on interrelationship between population growth in developing countries and global environment, Volume II. Tokyo, Japan, National Institute of Population and Social Security Research, 1997 Mar 3. : 321- [4] Broudehoux, A Spectacular Beijing: The Conspicuous Construction Of An Olympic Metropolis, Journal of Urban Affairs, Volume 29 Issue 4 [5] Owen, J.G (2008) Estimating the Cost and Benefit of Hosting Olympic Games: What Can Beijing Expect from Its 2008 Games? The Industrial Geographer, vol 3, issue 1 [6] Burns, P.M. (1999). An Introduction to Tourism and Anthropology. London. Routledge. [7] Saunders, M.K. Lewis, P. Thornhill, A. (2006) Research Methods for Business Students, (4th ed), Harlow, Prentice Hall Publications. [8] Black, T.R. (1999). Doing Quantitative Research in the Social Sciences. London. Sage. [9] Cook I and Crang M. (1996) Doing Ethnography. CATMOG. Norwich.

Poetry Discussion Questions

How does the language of the poem make Moore more relatable to the audience? A lot of poems are composed of long difficult words that are hard to pronounce and hard to understand. However, in â€Å"Poetry', Moore took a different route to explaining to the reader what poetry is. That is, she approached the poem with words that are used everyday, a technique to help the reader to understand the true meaning of poetry.I also feel like these lines, that we do not admire what e cannot understand† (lines 9-11), point out that the average person does not understand deep, complex literary meanings of words that are not used in everyday life. I also feel like Moore is expressing that this is one of the reasons why people do not read as much poetry, since they are indirectly discriminated due to the language filter. To add on, this may be the reason why the author started off with the lines, â€Å"l, too, dislike it, there are things that are important beyond all this fiddle† (l ine 1).Once again, she relates to the audience in preference of literature. Perhaps through the poem, she is attempting to show herself grow out of the phase of dislike and into the phase of loving poetry to the extent of becoming a poet. The ignorance to poetry makes us believe that we do not enjoy poetry, but I feel like the author expresses that it is a matter of opening the book and surpassing the fear of feeling unintelligible due to the language in sophisticated poems.

William Shakespeare s The Dream Of The Rood, Beowulf, And...

All literature evolves throughout time due to the changes in culture and lifestyle of the society during a particular era. Authors are influenced by the beliefs of the nation, events, struggles, and politics of the time period. These influences can be clearly or subtly shown in the works of those authors of the age. The British culture is one of the many types that reflects such rich history and customs packed into its literature. The foundation of much British literature that integrated the convention of British civilization came during the Medieval Period. The Medieval stories of â€Å"The Dream of the Rood,† Beowulf, and The Canterbury Tales contained some of the British culture concerning gender, religion, and the view of heroes. One aspect of British culture of the Medieval times was the stereotypes of gender and certain expectations in gender roles. For example, the poet of â€Å"The Dream of the Rood† used masculine and feminine language to show position of power (masculine) and powerlessness (feminine). Christ and the Cross shift back and forth between having power and not; both being weakened and defeated by an opposing force, but then rising up to gain honor and victory. The Cross was demoted to the status of a woman and shamed for being â€Å"[h]elpless and unable to act on his own volition [and] must perform according to the dictates of his captors† (Hawkins) when the enemy put Christ on the Cross. It reflects the belief that women or even feminine men are weak, cowardly, and